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- <text id=93TT2292>
- <link 93TO0090>
- <title>
- Dec. 27, 1993: Sympathy For The Devil
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Dec. 27, 1993 The New Age of Angels
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- RELIGION, Page 60
- Sympathy For The Devil
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> Can creatures who can appear soft and cherubic be capable of
- evil? Those who say they travel with angels are loath to admit
- it. "Reports of evil angels are legion," acknowledges Eileen
- Freeman, publisher of the newsletter AngelWatch, but she says,
- "I refuse to give them any free publicity." Only last week in
- a Binghamton, New York, court, a man pleading "not responsible"
- claimed that an angel had told him to molest the five-year-old
- boy he was babysitting. No less an authority than St. Paul warned
- the faithful, in his second letter to the Corinthians, that
- Satan could be "transformed into an angel of light." For Satan
- was once an angel--indeed, one of the most exalted as well
- as the most complex and the most human.
- </p>
- <p> The celestial being who would become Satan had many names in
- heaven. Most of Western tradition identifies him as Lucifer,
- the Morning Star, the most brilliant of all the denizens of
- the empyrean. He is Sammael, according to the rabbinical literature
- of the 4th and 5th centuries A.D., highest of those who flit
- around the throne of God, created above the seraphim and distinguished
- from others by the fact that he possessed twice the maximum
- allotment of wings: 12. To Muslims, he is Iblis, a word perhaps
- derived from the Greek diabolos, the proudest of all God's creatures.
- And it was pride that would lead to Satan's rebellion and eventual
- expulsion from heaven. But even in the depths of hell, he retained
- an awe-inspiring dignity. In the words of Milton's Paradise
- Lost, "With grave aspect he rose, and in his rising seemed a
- pillar of state...princely counsel in his face yet shone,
- majestic though in ruin."
- </p>
- <p> It is that irrepressible pride that has given the chief of the
- fallen angels such power to tempt humankind. If humankind was
- created just a little lower than the angels, what are we to
- make of an angel who has failed? Is he then not just like us--yet immortally so? For poets like Milton, Satan was the archetypal
- antihero, the rebel waging eternal guerrilla warfare against
- his Creator. "To reign is worth ambition though in hell: Better
- to reign in hell than serve in heav'n." Indeed, to some, Satan
- even provides lessons in piety. The Sufis, the mystics of Islam,
- imagined that the pride of Iblis may have been blind ideological
- purity, a supremely flawed political correctness. According
- to one account, when he was asked to bow before Adam, God's
- newest and best-beloved creation, Iblis refused. "There is only
- one God," he declared, "and I will make obeisance only to Him."
- More of a monotheist than God himself, Iblis was banished from
- Heaven.
- </p>
- <p> Christian legends are different. Lucifer vaingloriously sought
- to overturn the regime in heaven and waged war against God's
- loyalists. Defeated by the Archangel Michael, the angel who
- would be God was cast into his inferno, to brood in the darkness,
- "hatching vain empires." With him went about a third of the
- heavenly host, a horde of fallen angels.
- </p>
- <p> As late as the sixth century A.D., in a mosaic in Ravenna depicting
- the Last Judgment, the devil was still portrayed as a haloed,
- winged being, standing at the left hand of Christ. Satan is
- dressed in blue, not red, robes. (Red was the color of the upper
- ether, closest to God, from which Satan was expelled; blue,
- the color of the closest heaven humankind could see.) By the
- Middle Ages, however, Satan had become a beast. His horns and
- hooves come from his commingling with beliefs banished by a
- victorious Christianity. The devil's appurtenances derive from
- the great Greek god Pan--half-man, half-goat--and from association
- with the cult of the forest deity Cernunnos of northern Europe.
- Relegated to the shadows, the pagan gods were absorbed by the
- master of darkness, the demigod on the margins.
- </p>
- <p> There is no possibility of redemption for Satan and his minions.
- Unlike Adam and Eve, the fallen angels were not tempted to sin
- but chose it out of untrammeled free will. They have no excuse
- for disobedience. And as the ages roll, heaven grows further
- away. "Which way I fly is hell; myself am hell," Satan moans
- in Paradise Lost. Even in majestic ruin, Satan is certain only
- of the dark path he is doomed to pursue with seraphic fortitude.
- "Farewell remorse," says the angel who can no longer look homeward
- to heaven. "All good to me is lost; Evil, be thou my good."
- </p>
- <p> By Howard G. Chua-Eoan. Reported by Sam Allis/Boston
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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